Astronomy For Dummies

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THE BOOK FOR EVERY TEACHER WHO HAS EVER BEEN FRUSTRATED BY THE DECISIONS MADE OUTSIDE THEIR SCHOOL THAT AFFECT THE STUDENTS INSIDE THEIR SCHOOL. How to Be Heard offers every teacher 10 ways to successfully amplify his or her voice, and demonstrates that when teachers' voices are heard, they will be rightfully recognized and supported as change leaders in their schools. Celine Coggins, a renowned teacher advocate, offers nuts-and-bolts strategies that are recognized as the "price of admission" to becoming a credible and welcomed participant in important policy conversations and decisions. The author clearly demonstrates that it is not only possible for teachers to initiate change, but to also effectively participate on the policy playing field. In ten clear chapters, the author demonstrates how teachers can and must advocate for their students and their profession. Throughout this book Coggins proves that "If you're not at the table, you're on the menu." This how-to guide is filled with concrete ideas for engaging in productive decision-making, using real-world examples from teachers who have successfully used these strategies.

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Maran Stephen

#Словари, справочники #Зарубежная литература #Учебная и научная литература #Научно-популярная литература

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Astronomy For Dummies^>®, 4th Edition

Published by:

John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

111 River Street

Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774

www.wiley.com

Published simultaneously in Canada

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Library of Congress Control Number: 2017947198

ISBN 978-1-119-37424-4 (pbk); ISBN 978-1-119-37438-1 (ebk); ISBN 978-1-119-37441-1 (ebk)

Introduction

Astronomy is the study of the sky, the science of cosmic objects and celestial happenings. It’s nothing less than the investigation of the nature of the universe we live in. Astronomers carry out the business of astronomy by using backyard telescopes, huge observatory instruments, radio telescopes that detect celestial radio emissions, and satellites orbiting Earth or positioned in space near Earth or another celestial body, such as the Moon or a planet. Scientists send up telescopes in sounding rockets and on unmanned balloons, some instruments travel far into the solar system aboard deep space probes, and some probes gather samples and return them to Earth.

Astronomy can be a professional or amateur activity. About 25,000 professional astronomers engage in space science worldwide, and an estimated 500,000 amateur astronomers live around the globe. Many of the amateurs belong to local or national astronomy clubs in their home countries.

Professional astronomers conduct research on the Sun and the solar system, the Milky Way galaxy, and the universe beyond. They teach in universities, design satellites in government labs, and operate planetariums. They also write books like this one (but maybe not as good). Most hold PhDs. Nowadays, many professional astronomers study abstruse physics of the cosmos or work with automated, remotely controlled telescopes, so they may not even know the constellations.

Amateur astronomers know the constellations. They share an exciting hobby. Some stargaze on their own; many others join astronomy clubs and organizations of every description. The clubs pass on know-how from old hands to new members, share telescopes and equipment, and hold meetings where members tell about their recent observations or hear lectures by visiting scientists.

Amateur astronomers also hold observing meetings where everyone brings a telescope (or looks through another observer’s scope). The amateurs conduct these sessions at regular intervals (such as the first Saturday night of each month) or on special occasions (such as the return of a major meteor shower each August or the appearance of a bright comet like Hale-Bopp). And they save up for really big events, such as a total eclipse of the Sun, when thousands of amateurs and dozens of pros travel across Earth to position themselves in the path of totality and witness one of nature’s greatest spectacles.

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