Dynamo: Defending the Honour of Kiev

Dynamo: Defending the Honour of Kiev
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In 1942 at the centre point of World War II an extraordinary event took place not on the battlefield but in a municipal stadium in Kiev. This is the true story of courage, team loyalty and fortitude in the face of the most brutal oppression the world had ever seen.When Hitler initiated Operation Barbarossa in June 1941, he caught the Soviet Union completely by surprise. At breathtaking speed his armies swept east, slaughtering the ill-prepared Soviet forces. His greatest military gains of the entire war were made in a few short months, and the largest single country that he conquered was the Ukraine, roughly the size of France. Ukraine’s capital, Kiev, was circled, assaulted and overrun, and among the city’s defenders who were captured and incarcerated were many of the members of the sparkling 1939 Dynamo Kiev football team, argaubly the best in Europe before the war. Captured Kiev was a starving city whose population were deported in vast numbers as slave labour.However one man determined to save not just the surviving players from the Dynamo side but other athletes. He offered them work, shelter and, most valuable, bread, as workers in his bakery. Inspired by the charismatic goalkeeper Trusevich, the Dynamo side was re-formed as Start FC and a series of fixtures was arranged, all of which the team win handsomely, to such an extent that they inspired Kievan spirits. The final fixture against the Luftwaffe was agreed by the German authorities: a well-fed team from the Fatherland would vanquish the upstart Ukrainians, especially if the game was refereed by an SS officer. The match is an allegory of resistance; its consequences are brutal. Andy Dougan has discovered the truth behind a legendary encounter, sorting fact from fiction and restoring to the centre of World War II a moment of extraordinary poignancy and complex bravery, of which the cliché is demonstrably true: football is not a matter of life or death; it’s much more important than that.

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Dynamo

Defending the Honour of Kiev

Andy Dougan


For Christine, Iain and Stuart

and dedicated to the bravery and heroism of the

men of FC Start

especially Kolya, Vanya, Sasha and Nikolai

21 JUNE 1941

Valentina and Alexei were very much in love, a blind man on a galloping horse could see that. It was the little things that gave them away, like the fact that they just could not take their eyes off each other. Valentina was in the kitchen with the other women while Alexei was outside smoking with the men. But no matter where they went or how far they strayed within the big apartment they always found each other with their eyes. Alexei could hear her laughing with her friends, it was an excited girlish laugh which was not at all fitting for her serious job as a laboratory worker. But no one would grudge her any of her enjoyment on this, her big day. This, after all, was Valentina’s wedding day, the day she would remember for the rest of her life.

Valentina Masterova and Alexei Dubovsky had been married earlier that afternoon. It had been a traditional ceremony that had taken place on a glorious midsummer’s day, so the omens were good for a long and happy marriage. They had not known each other long but they loved each other; that they had no place to stay and no real plans did not seem to matter. They had good jobs – he was an engineer and she worked in the laboratory – and they had each other. That was what was important. Why should it matter that they were starting their married life in someone else’s house? Since they had no apartment of their own they were holding their wedding banquet at a flat which belonged to one of Valentina’s girlfriends. The apartment was big and airy, the sort of place they would have loved for themselves, but despite its space it was crammed to the rafters with friends and well-wishers. There was one other added attraction to the apartment on the corner of Lenin Street, it was above the best bakery in Kiev, Bakery no. 3. Valentina worked in the laboratories checking the quality of the bread and the purity of the wheat while Alexei and his fellow engineers kept the place running. Almost everyone they knew worked at the bakery and it was at a works social function where they themselves had first met. But even a works celebration could not match what was on offer here today.

The groaning tables which filled the large living room were ample testament to the skill and craft of the workers at the bakery downstairs. This was a special occasion and everyone seemed to have made a special effort to make sure that their contribution was as rich, as soft, as perfect as it could be for the happy couple. There were breads of all shapes and sizes and description; good white wheat bread and rich black rye bread. With the bread there was smoked salmon and caviar, expensive to be sure but it was not every day a girl got married. The salmon and caviar were a treat, something to be savoured, but everyone else had pitched in with the rest of the meal. There were vareniki – dumplings stuffed with cottage cheese – and, to eat with them, bowls of smetana – sour cream – that could also be added to the plates of soup being ladled out of huge tureens by the enthusiastic guests. There was borscht of course, and schi – cabbage soup – and some pungent rassolnik – a kind of meat soup – as well as delicious ukha – fish soup. The room was filled with a heady mixture of aromas as the strong smells and flavours of traditional Ukrainian cooking vied with each other. Huge plates were piled high with mounds of pork and beef, other pots contained rich and intoxicating stews. Every time the piles looked like dwindling another guest would arrive with a pot or a plate of something delicious to add to the menu. One table contained nothing but fish dishes. Since they were on the banks of the Dnieper and not too far from the Black Sea the quality of seafood was superb. Apart from the salmon and caviar there was marinated herring as well as plates and plates of vobla – the sharp-tasting, salt-covered dried fish.

The guests helped themselves throughout the day, attacking the laden tables with increasing enthusiasm. The enthusiasm was fuelled by large amounts of alcohol. The local vodka called gorilka was consumed with gusto. The drink takes its name from the Ukrainian word for burning, but the rough nature of the liquor did not appear to be deterring anyone from drinking it. The women drank with as much delicacy as they could muster from the small glasses known as ryumka, while the hardier men slaked their thirst with gusto from the larger stakan, which held just over half a pint. Each swill of vodka was accompanied by a handful of olives or a tangy portion of savoury, fatty



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